Survivorship Bias Risk

Survivorship bias is the risk of analyzing investment performance using only “surviving” constituents of a selected investment universe instead of incorporating all current and historical constituents over the performance period. Survivorship bias artificially increases long …

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The Cost of Debt

The cost of debt is the rate at which a company can borrow long-term today. It will reflect the firm’s default risk and the level of interest rates in the market. It is the sum …

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The Cost of Capital

The cost of capital is the weighted average of the cost of equity and the cost of debt. It’s the rate both equity and debt investors demand as a return or the hurdle rate if you’re …

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The Cost of Equity

The cost of equity is the return demanded for an individual equity. It’s the return needed for investors to compensate for equity risk, and it’s the cost of equity funding for the company. The cost …

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